What approach allows Amazon Athena to query datasets across multiple regions efficiently?

The ability of Amazon Athena to query datasets across multiple regions efficiently can be achieved by running an AWS Glue crawler in the target region, in this case, us-west-2. This is because the AWS Glue crawler helps in cataloging the data stored in S3 buckets, creating a centralized metadata repository which Athena can then utilize to perform queries.

When the crawler runs in the specified region, it automatically recognizes and catalogues the data in that region, allowing Athena to access and query these datasets directly. This approach streamlines the process, ensuring that data from different locations is easily discoverable and accessible without the need for complex configurations or manual data transfers.

In contrast, migrating the Data Catalog between regions would not facilitate querying datasets that are physically located in multiple regions. Cross-Region replication for S3 buckets is a useful method for ensuring data availability, but it involves additional overhead and time to set up and may result in increased costs due to data transfer. Manually copying data to another region can lead to inefficiencies and data silos, thus not being the most efficient or practical approach when querying across regions.

Utilizing AWS Glue crawlers to manage metadata across regions is the most effective method, as it automates and simplifies the process, enabling seamless